Craft status
The Heritage Crafts Red List
Drawing on the conservation status system used by the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List and the Rare Breeds Survival Trust Watchlist, Heritage Crafts uses a system of four categories of risk to assess the viability of heritage crafts. A heritage craft is considered to be viable if there are sufficient craftspeople to transmit the craft skills to the next generation.
Extinct in the UK
Crafts classified as ‘extirpated’ or ‘locally extinct’ are those which are no longer practised in the UK. For the purposes of this research, this category only includes crafts which have become extinct in the past generation.
Critically Endangered
Crafts classified as ‘critically endangered’ are those at serious risk of no longer being practised in the UK. They may include crafts with a shrinking base of craftspeople, crafts with limited training opportunities, crafts with low financial viability, or crafts where there is no mechanism to pass on the skills and knowledge.
Endangered
Crafts classified as ‘endangered’ are those which currently have sufficient craftspeople to transmit the craft skills to the next generation, but for which there are serious concerns about their ongoing viability. This may include crafts with a shrinking market share, an ageing demographic or crafts with a declining number of practitioners.
Currently Viable Crafts
Crafts classified as ‘currently viable’ are those which are in a healthy state and have sufficient craftspeople to transmit the craft skills to the next generation. They may include crafts with a large market share, widely popular crafts, or crafts with a strong local presence. A classification of ‘currently viable’ does not mean that the craft is risk-free or without issues affecting its future sustainability/viability.
Heritage Crafts Inventory
The 2025 edition of the Red List of Endangered Crafts marks a significant evolution in how we understand and safeguard traditional crafts.
This year, we introduce the Heritage Craft Inventory – a new, inclusive framework that ensures all heritage crafts, regardless of their current status, have a place where they are recognised and valued under one umbrella. This expanded approach allows us to shine a light not only on endangered and critically endangered crafts, but also on those that are resurgent, culturally distinctive, or rooted in specific communities and regions. It reflects the dynamic landscape of craft today – one that is constantly evolving and shaped by both challenges and opportunities.
Culturally distinctive crafts
Crafts designated as ‘culturally distinctive’ might have a broad uptake across the UK, but hold a particular significance for a defined community of practice, whether that is geographic, cultural, ethnic or religious. Those that are also on the Red List are known as ‘crafts in need of cultural safeguarding’.
- Canal art and boat painting (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Cornish hedging (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Fair Isle Knitting
- Fair Isle straw back chair making (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Fairground art (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Gansey knitting
- Harris tweed weaving
- Islamic calligraphy
- Northern Isles basket making (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Orkney chair making (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Petrakivka (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Pysanky (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Sgian dubh and dirk making (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Shetland lace knitting
- Shinty caman making
- Sofrut calligraphy
- Sporran making (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Thatching (Irish vernacular) (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Thatching (Scottish vernacular) (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Thatching (Welsh vernacular) (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Vardo and living wagon crafts (craft for cultural safeguarding)
- Welsh double cloth weaving (craft for cultural safeguarding)
Resurgent crafts
Crafts designated as ‘resurgent’ are currently experiencing a positive trajectory as a result of an upswing in new entrants. Just because a craft is considered resurgent does not mean that it cannot also be endangered, but rather that its decline has started to reverse and that its situation is likely to continue improving.
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This week’s #craftfocus is straw hat making.
Straw hat making involves the creation of hats and boaters through the stitching of straw plait or braid and using a hat block to form the shape and finishing.
Typically, creating a straw hat starts at the centre of the crown (the button) and spirals outwards to form the headpiece and brim.
Techniques:
-The handmade plait is checked, damped and wound onto a plait winder (some types of braid may not require damping).
-A button (top centre crown) is created by hand or machine. The plait or braid is sewn together either by overlapping or edge to edge to form a hat shape.
-The hat is matched to the design hat block, checking size and shape. Some hats are created free-form, where the intended shape develops without a block.
-Remaining processes of stiffening, finishing and trimming are carried out.
Straw hat making is classified as critically endangered on our Craft Inventory. There are now only a limited number of makers who are able to machine-stitch straw and a few individual hat makers, inhibiting skills transfer. The market is facing competition from overseas, with skills being lost to makers in other countries. Alongside rising prices for materials and supplies, specific courses are unavailable due to a lack of machines.
Images: Amy Bowen @heyimagoblin & Veronica Main @hat.plait
#heritagecrafts #craftfocus #strawhatmaking
This National Apprenticeship Week, we are highlighting the two recipients of our Apprenticeship+ project, launched last year in partnership with the @hugoburgefoundation.
The scheme supplements two pilot apprenticeships with a financial contribution to the apprentices’ salaries and a grant to help compensate the employers for the reduction in their earnings during the training period. These costs are often prohibitive for sole traders and micro-businesses, resulting in a low uptake of many apprenticeship standards for crafts on the brink of extinction.
One of our recipients is Sue Humphries, who is training her apprentice, Lewis Judd, Lewis Judd, in stained glass at Dan Humphries Studio in Somerset. Lewis is completing the Stained Glass Craftsperson Apprenticeship overseen by the University of Wales Trinity St David
Sue Humphries says: “As our business grows, with stained glass on the Red List and a lack of training providers, we have had a problem recruiting staff.
The bursary we have received has enabled us to find an apprentice and help us with all the costs of sending him away to Swansea to learn from the excellent team there as well as in house training here in our workshop.
So it’s a win for us and the craft of stained glass to be taking on someone completely new to the craft.”
Apprenticeship+ seeks to establish a better evidence base for the financial needs of small craft businesses wanting to pass on their skills to the next generation, by providing a compelling advocacy case to the Government about the additional support needed to ensure a healthy future for these culturally and economically significant industries.
#heritagecrafts #nationalapprenticeshipweek #stainedglass
#matchMAKER opportunity!
Horsehair weaving assistant
Location: Somerset
John Boyd Textiles was established in Castle Cary in 1837 and still weaves horsehair fabrics using the original looms from 1870. Their fabrics are woven to a very high quality standard and are exported around the world to high end designers, architects and furniture restorers. They are currently seeking a weaver/production assistant to join their team.
This is a varied role which will involve mainly weaving, dyeing and also other production roles such as warping, threading up looms, picking hair, sampling and dispatch. The ideal candidate will have a meticulous eye for detail and a willingness to learn. Full training will be provided.
Find out how to apply at https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/matchmaker
#matchMAKER is the online platform for work-based training and entry-level employment opportunities hosted by @heritagecrafts and supported by @soanebritain.
This National Apprenticeship Week, we are highlighting the two recipients of our Apprenticeship+ project, launched last year in partnership with the @hugoburgefoundation.
The scheme supplements two pilot apprenticeships with a financial contribution to the apprentices’ salaries and a grant to help compensate the employers for the reduction in their earnings during the training period. These costs are often prohibitive for sole traders and micro-businesses, resulting in a low uptake of many apprenticeship standards for crafts on the brink of extinction.
One of our recipients is Katie Gunn, who is training her apprentice, Amelie Priestman, in jewellery making at her business KatieAnnDesigns in Gosport. Amelie is completing the Jewellery, Silversmithing and Allied Trades Professional Apprenticeship overseen by the British Academy of Jewellery.
Katie Gunn says: “For me, mentoring an apprentice is about passing on traditional techniques while encouraging curiosity and creative thinking. Seeing someone develop their skills, confidence and design voice at the bench is incredibly rewarding. It feels important to be part of keeping these skills alive, while also showing how heritage techniques can evolve in modern, sustainable ways.
Alongside these creative projects, my apprentice is also assisting with real workshop jobs such as repairs and resizing, gaining an understanding of the standards and care required in professional jewellery making.”
Apprenticeship+ seeks to establish a better evidence base for the financial needs of small craft businesses wanting to pass on their skills to the next generation, by providing a compelling advocacy case to the Government about the additional support needed to ensure a healthy future for these culturally and economically significant industries.
#heritagecrafts #nationalapprenticeshipweek #jewellerymaking
#matchMAKER opportunity!
Apprentice Stonemason
Location: Doncaster
Deadline: 31 March 2026
Specialising in the conservation and restoration of Britain’s historic buildings and landmarks, Historic Property Restoration Limited are recruiting an apprentice stonemason. Formerly the direct
What you will do at work:
-Basic masonry work with electrical and hand tools.
-Basic drawing board skills & basic instruction in the use of site levelling and setting out equipment.
-Re-pointing of existing masonry and methods, and types of finish to mortar. Common mortar mixes associated with various types of stone considering their jointing configuration and situation.
-Recording, taking down and rebuilding of masonry & cleaning of masonry.
-Detailed conservation of friable stonework including resin repairs and “plastic”/mortar repairs.
-Drilling and pinning stonework and the removal of old iron cramps and fixings.
-Basic health and safety equipment, use and application. Site emergency procedures followed.
-Manual handling techniques and working at heights & working with team members.
-You will be working at various locations but predominately based in the Doncaster area.
Find out how to apply at https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/matchmaker
#matchMAKER is the online platform for work-based training and entry-level employment opportunities hosted by @heritagecrafts and supported by @soanebritain.
This week’s #mondaymaker is Debbie Rudolph @debbierudolph_weaving – a weaver.
Debbie is a Falmouth-based textile designer and heritage weaver who blends traditional techniques with modern sustainability. A graduate of Central Saint Martins, she specialises in hand-woven tapestries and homeware. In March 2025, she began establishing her own natural dye garden, and as of late 2025, she has been weaving these naturally dyed materials into a new collection of Cornish Coastline Tapestries and hand-spun fleece and linen pieces.
Debbie works with traditional second-hand looms, such as Glimakra Countermarch and Upright Tapestry looms, which she restores and rethreads. To make her craft more accessible, she developed her own range of Make Me Looms – a selection of small looms produced from recycled plastic and made locally in Cornwall. As a qualified teacher, she also often teaches weaving workshops.
#heritagecrafts #mondaymaker #weaving
We are profiling the recipients of our latest round of Endangered Crafts Fund grants.
James Anderson @anderson_hats06, from Luton, has been funded to restore antique straw hat making machines and buy a boater hat block for his blocking machine, as part of his mission to revive straw hat making in the town.
James’ grant is funded by the Julia Rausing Trust.
James said: “This funding has been essential to bringing some beautiful rare antique hat manufacturing machinery back into service for another generation to use. I am very grateful to Heritage Crafts for helping me get what I need to bring proper straw hat making back to its ancestral home in Luton.”
#matchMAKER opportunity!
Assistant Ropemaker
Location: Bristol
Deadline: 13th February 2026
Avon Ropes Ltd is a small business which started in Bristol in 2011, and relcoated a year ago to new, bigger premises near Kingswood, Bristol. They primarily produce high quality English-style church bell ropes, supplying to a worldwide market.
They are recruiting an assistant ropemaker to join their small team and help with the manufacture of these church bell ropes, primarily the finishing stages of trimming. The role involves working with natural fibres, wool, along with modern fibres like Polyester and Dyneema.
To apply, please submit a CV and covering letter to [email protected].
Find out how to apply at https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/matchmaker
#matchMAKER is the online platform for work-based training and entry-level employment opportunities hosted by @heritagecrafts and supported by @soanebritain.