Darkroom photography

Darkrooms have been used since the early 19th century to process photographs from film. From the initial development of the film to the creation of prints, the darkroom process allows complete control over the medium.

A darkroom is used to process photographic film, to make prints and to carry out other associated tasks. It is a room that can be made completely dark to allow the processing of the light-sensitive photographic materials, including film and photographic paper. Various equipment is used in the darkroom, including an enlarger, baths containing chemicals, and running water.

Darkrooms started to fall out of favour due to the popularity of colour photography, the rise of instant photography technology and then digital photography. The main suppliers of darkroom materials since the late 1800s were Ilford Photo, Kodak, Agfa and Fuji. Now Ilford Photo are the main supplier of materials.

However, recent years have seen a resurgence in popularity, with companies introducing new film stocks, reviving discontinued lines, releasing new cameras and the rise of Lomo photography.

Photos are taken using silver halide light sensitive films in cameras. The films are then processed in a darkroom and prints made from the negatives in a darkroom. A machine called an enlarger projects light through the negative onto light sensitive silver halide paper to make the print. The image on the paper can be manipulated during this exposure by using more than one exposure and waving hands or objects in the light beam to selectively change the image.

• Cyanotype printing
• Early photography techniques e.g. platinum printing, wet collodion process, etc.

• Supply of raw materials, allied materials and tools – Availability of materials – darkroom photography relies on specialist materials, camera films, printing papers and photographic processing chemicals.
• Ilford Photo (a UK company owned by Harman Technology) is a major supplier for everything needed, though Kodak and Fujifilm also have a range of processing chemicals alongside other different brands supplying equipment.
• Market issues – digital photography and printing now dominates the market and is very easily accessible by a wide range of people from amateur to professional.

• The Royal Photographic Society (Analogue Group) 

Royal Photographic Society – Qualifications page

Whilst there are many amateur photographers, there are only a few people making a living from running darkroom workshops or selling fine art black and white darkroom prints.

However, it would seem that analogue photography has been enjoying a renaissance in recent years with the reintroduction of film stocks and the release of new cameras. As a result, new darkrooms are springing up around the UK in small numbers. These provide darkrooms for rent and training courses.

• Dave Butcher Photography
• Darkroom Dave
• Ilford Photo
• Darkroom on Wikipedia